Plural Nouns (Regular and Irregular)
Plural Nouns (বহুবচন — নিয়মিত ও অনিয়মিত)
Introductionভূমিকা
A plural noun means more than one — one book, two books. Most English nouns just add -s, but some change spelling and a few change completely (man becomes men). Once you know the small set of rules, plurals become easy for Bangladeshi learners.
Plural noun মানে একাধিক — one book, two books। বেশিরভাগ ইংরেজি noun-এ শুধু -s যোগ হয়, কিছুতে বানান বদলায়, আর কয়েকটি পুরোপুরি বদলে যায় (man হয় men)। ছোট কয়েকটি নিয়ম জানলেই plural সহজ হয়ে যায়।
Definitionসংজ্ঞা
A regular plural adds -s or -es to the singular noun (book → books, bus → buses). An irregular plural changes its spelling in an unpredictable way (child → children, foot → feet).
Regular plural-এ singular noun-এর সাথে -s বা -es যোগ হয় (book → books, bus → buses)। Irregular plural-এ বানান অনিয়মিতভাবে বদলে যায় (child → children, foot → feet)।
Bangla Explanationবাংলা ব্যাখ্যা
সাধারণ নিয়ম: বেশিরভাগ noun-এ -s যোগ করুন (car → cars)। s, ss, sh, ch, x, z দিয়ে শেষ হলে -es যোগ হয় (bus → buses, box → boxes, watch → watches)। consonant + y দিয়ে শেষ হলে y বাদ দিয়ে -ies (baby → babies), কিন্তু vowel + y হলে শুধু -s (day → days)। কিছু -f / -fe শব্দ -ves হয় (knife → knives, leaf → leaves)। অনিয়মিত (irregular) plural মুখস্থ করতে হয়: man → men, woman → women, child → children, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, person → people। আবার কিছু শব্দ একই থাকে: sheep, fish, deer। water, rice, information-এর মতো uncountable noun-এ plural -s বসে না।
Examplesউদাহরণ
- I have two books in my bag.আমার ব্যাগে দুটি বই আছে।
- There are three buses at the stop.স্টপে তিনটি বাস আছে।
- The babies are sleeping now.শিশুগুলো এখন ঘুমাচ্ছে।
- She bought two knives for the kitchen.সে রান্নাঘরের জন্য দুটি ছুরি কিনেছে।
- Three men are waiting outside.তিনজন লোক বাইরে অপেক্ষা করছে।
- My teeth feel clean after brushing.ব্রাশ করার পর আমার দাঁতগুলো পরিষ্কার লাগছে।
- We saw many sheep in the field.আমরা মাঠে অনেক ভেড়া দেখলাম।
Common Mistakesসাধারণ ভুল
I have two childs.
I have two children.
'child' is irregular: its plural is 'children', not 'childs'.
Three mans are here.
Three men are here.
'man' changes its vowel to make the plural 'men'.
There are many babys.
There are many babies.
A noun ending in consonant + y drops the y and adds -ies (baby → babies).
She packed some boxs.
She packed some boxes.
Nouns ending in x take -es, not just -s (box → boxes).
Tipsটিপস
- Most nouns are regular — just add -s and you are usually right. — বেশিরভাগ noun নিয়মিত — শুধু -s যোগ করলেই সাধারণত ঠিক হয়ে যায়।
- After the hissing sounds s, ss, sh, ch and x, add -es so the word is easy to say. — s, ss, sh, ch, x-এর মতো শিস-শব্দের পর -es যোগ করুন, যাতে উচ্চারণ সহজ হয়।
- Learn irregular plurals as vocabulary — no rule will help you guess them. — Irregular plural শব্দ হিসেবে মুখস্থ করুন — কোনো নিয়ম দিয়ে অনুমান করা যায় না।
- Uncountable nouns like water, rice and information never take a plural -s. — water, rice, information-এর মতো uncountable noun-এ কখনো plural -s বসে না।
Quizকুইজ
Tap an answer to check yourself — a free preview of the full graded quiz in the app.
1. What is the plural of 'city'?
2. Choose the correct plural: 'one child, two ___'.
3. What is the plural of 'box'?
Practiceঅনুশীলন
Try each one, then reveal the answer.
1. Write the plural of 'knife'.
Hint: Many -f / -fe words change to -ves.
2. Write the plural of 'day'.
Hint: Vowel + y just adds -s.
3. Write the plural of 'tooth'.
Hint: This one is irregular — the vowels change.
Related Lessonsসম্পর্কিত পাঠ
- Subject and Object PronounsSubject and object pronouns in Bangla and English: I vs me, he vs him, they vs them, with a clear table, examples, common mistakes and a free quiz.
- Present Simple TenseThe present simple tense in Bangla and English: how to use it for habits and facts, the -s/-es rule, questions and negatives, examples, mistakes and a free quiz.
- Present Continuous TenseLearn the present continuous tense in Bangla and English: the am/is/are + verb-ing rule for actions happening now, spelling, questions, negatives, examples and a free quiz.
AI Practiceএআই অনুশীলন
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Practise with the AI teacher →Frequently Asked Questionsসাধারণ জিজ্ঞাসা
How do you make a noun plural in English?
Most nouns add -s (dog → dogs). Add -es after s, ss, sh, ch and x (box → boxes), and change consonant + y to -ies (city → cities).
What are irregular plural nouns?
They are nouns whose plural does not follow the -s rule, such as man → men, child → children, foot → feet and person → people. You learn them by heart.
Do all nouns have a plural form?
No. Uncountable nouns like water, rice, money and information stay the same and do not take a plural -s.