The Population Problem Composition
রচনা: জনসংখ্যা সমস্যা
All classes · 356 words
Model Composition (356 words)
Introduction: Bangladesh is among the most densely settled countries on earth, and unlike most of them it is not a city state. That single fact stands behind a great many of our other difficulties, from the price of land to the length of a hospital queue. Why the numbers grew: Death rates fell long before birth rates did — vaccination, clean water and better treatment kept people alive who would once have died young, while family size changed only slowly. Early marriage kept the gap open. Poverty added its own logic: where children work and no pension exists, a large family is a household's only security. And for a long time a son was thought necessary, so families continued until one arrived. What the pressure produces: Land is divided until a farm cannot feed the family working it, so the next generation moves to a city that has no room for them. Classrooms hold more children than a teacher can teach and hospitals more patients than a doctor can see. Unemployment stays high because the number of new workers each year exceeds the number of new jobs. Rivers, forests and air all carry a load meant for fewer people. What has actually worked: This is the part most scripts leave out, and it is the strongest. Bangladesh's birth rate has fallen dramatically within living memory, and it fell mainly because girls stayed in school longer, because health workers reached villages door to door, and because families grew confident their children would survive. None of that was compulsion, and all of it is worth saying. What should continue: Keep girls in school past primary. Keep community health workers funded. Raise the real age of marriage rather than only the legal one. Create work outside Dhaka so the pressure does not all arrive in one place. And treat a young population as an asset that requires training, not as a burden to be counted. Conclusion: The problem was never the number of people; it is the distance between that number and what we have prepared for them. Educated and employed, the same population is the country's largest advantage.
Short version (135 words)
ক্লাস ৬–৮ বা কম নম্বরের প্রশ্নের জন্য।
Bangladesh is among the most densely settled countries on earth, and it is not a city state. That fact stands behind many of our other difficulties. Death rates fell long before birth rates did, and early marriage kept the gap open. Where children work and no pension exists, a large family is a household's only security. The pressure divides farmland until it cannot feed a family, fills classrooms beyond what a teacher can manage, and keeps unemployment high because new workers outnumber new jobs. What has worked deserves saying: our birth rate has fallen sharply within living memory, mainly because girls stayed in school longer and health workers reached villages door to door. The problem was never the number of people. It is the distance between that number and what we have prepared for them.
বাংলা অর্থ
রচনাটি ছয় অংশে: ভূমিকা, সংখ্যা কেন বাড়ল, চাপের ফল, যা আসলে কাজ করেছে, যা চালিয়ে যেতে হবে, উপসংহার। ভূমিকায় ঘনবসতির তুলনা। বৃদ্ধির কারণে — মৃত্যুহার আগে কমেছে, জন্মহার পরে; বাল্যবিবাহ; দারিদ্র্যে বড় পরিবারই নিরাপত্তা; পুত্রসন্তানের প্রত্যাশা। চাপের ফলে জমি ভাগ হয়ে চাষের অযোগ্য, শ্রেণিকক্ষ ও হাসপাতালে ভিড়, বেকারত্ব, পরিবেশের উপর বোঝা। **সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ অংশ — যা কাজ করেছে**: মেয়েদের বেশি দিন স্কুলে থাকা ও ঘরে ঘরে স্বাস্থ্যকর্মী পৌঁছানোয় জন্মহার নাটকীয়ভাবে কমেছে; জোর করে নয়। শেষে মূল কথা — সমস্যা সংখ্যায় নয়, প্রস্তুতির ঘাটতিতে; শিক্ষিত ও কর্মে নিয়োজিত হলে এই জনসংখ্যাই সবচেয়ে বড় সম্পদ।
কীভাবে লিখবেন — structure
প্রায় সব শিক্ষার্থী এই রচনাকে **কেবল সমস্যার তালিকা** বানিয়ে ফেলে। আলাদা হওয়ার সবচেয়ে সহজ উপায় — একটা অনুচ্ছেদ রাখুন **'যা কাজ করেছে'**: বাংলাদেশের জন্মহার সত্যিই অনেক কমেছে, আর কমেছে মেয়েদের শিক্ষা ও ঘরে ঘরে স্বাস্থ্যসেবার কারণে। এটা সত্য, ইতিবাচক, এবং বেশিরভাগ খাতায় থাকে না। উপসংহারে জনসংখ্যাকে **সম্পদ** হিসেবে দেখান — 'শিক্ষিত ও কর্মে নিয়োজিত হলে এটাই সবচেয়ে বড় সুবিধা'। সংখ্যা মনে না থাকলে সংখ্যা লিখবেন না; ভুল পরিসংখ্যান ভালো যুক্তিকেও নষ্ট করে। মোট ৩৫০–৪০০ শব্দ।
দরকারি শব্দ — key vocabulary
- densely populatedঘনবসতিপূর্ণ
- birth rate / death rateজন্মহার / মৃত্যুহার
- family planningপরিবার পরিকল্পনা
- community health workerকমিউনিটি স্বাস্থ্যকর্মী
- early marriageবাল্যবিবাহ
- human resourceমানবসম্পদ
- unemploymentবেকারত্ব
যে ভুলে নম্বর কাটা যায়
The population of Bangladesh is 25 crore and increasing by 5 crore a year.
Bangladesh is among the most densely populated countries in the world.
An invented figure is checkable and worthless, while the comparative statement is true and earns the same credit.
Population growth in Bangladesh has never slowed.
The birth rate has fallen sharply within living memory, mainly through girls' education and community health work.
This is the strongest and least-used point in the topic, and denying it throws away a whole paragraph's worth of marks.
The government should force families to have fewer children.
Keep girls in school longer and fund community health workers — the measures that actually reduced our birth rate.
Compulsion is neither acceptable nor what worked here, and proposing it shows ignorance of the country's own record.
A large population is only a burden.
Educated and employed, a young population is the country's largest advantage.
Board questions on this topic expect a balanced conclusion, and the one-sided version loses the marks reserved for it.
সাধারণ প্রশ্ন
- Should I include population statistics?
- Only if you are certain of them. A wrong number damages the whole script, while 'among the most densely populated countries in the world' is accurate and earns the same credit.
- Is the population problem getting worse?
- The growth rate has fallen a great deal, largely through girls' education and community health work. The pressure on land, jobs and services remains, which is what the composition should focus on.
- Can I use this for 'Overpopulation' or 'Population Explosion'?
- Yes. Those titles ask for the same material, though 'Population Explosion' invites a little more on the causes of growth and a little less on the remedies.