Traffic Jam Composition
রচনা: যানজট
All classes · 369 words
Model Composition (369 words)
Introduction: There are cities where distance is measured in kilometres. In Dhaka it is measured in hours. A resident can leave home at eight for an office six kilometres away and arrive after nine, while the same distance at midnight takes fifteen minutes. A traffic jam is no longer an incident here; it is the condition in which the city operates. Why it happens: The first reason is arithmetic — the city was laid out for a fraction of the vehicles it now carries, and the road surface has not grown at anything like their rate. The second is behaviour: lanes are treated as suggestions, a bus halts wherever an arm is raised rather than at a marked stop, and a car turns across two lines of moving traffic because the driver would otherwise wait. The third is the state of the streets, where a lorry breaking down at a junction blocks it for an hour and a trench dug for a pipeline closes half a road for a season. The fourth is the footpath, rented out to hawkers, so people walk in the carriageway and everything behind them slows. What it costs: A candidate reaches an examination hall after the paper has begun. A patient in an ambulance hears the siren achieving nothing. A day labourer paid by the hour loses two of them before he starts. Every idling engine in the queue burns fuel into air already among the dirtiest in the world. What has been tried: Flyovers, one-way systems, an elevated expressway and a metro rail have each helped a little and solved nothing, because a new road unmatched by rules people obey fills up soon after it opens. What would actually work: A bus service good enough that a middle-class family leaves the car at home; traffic law enforced on the powerful as strictly as on the rickshaw-puller; footpaths returned to pedestrians; and staggered office hours so the whole city does not move at once. Conclusion: Dhaka's jam is not a mystery of engineering. Every remedy above has been recommended for twenty years. What is missing is the will to enforce them, and that is a habit a city learns one driver at a time.
Short version (150 words)
ক্লাস ৬–৮ বা কম নম্বরের প্রশ্নের জন্য।
In most cities distance is measured in kilometres. In Dhaka it is measured in hours. A journey of six kilometres can take an hour in the morning and fifteen minutes at midnight. The causes are four. The city was laid out for far fewer vehicles than it now carries. Drivers ignore lanes, buses stop wherever an arm is raised, and cars cut across moving traffic. Broken-down vehicles and long-running road digging close lanes for months. And hawkers have taken the footpaths, so people walk in the road. The cost is heavy: candidates reach the examination hall late, ambulances are stuck, day labourers lose paid hours, and idling engines dirty the air. Flyovers and a metro rail have helped a little but solved nothing. What is needed is a bus service good enough to leave the car at home, traffic rules enforced on everyone alike, free footpaths, and staggered office hours.
বাংলা অর্থ
রচনাটি ছয় অংশে: ভূমিকা (সমস্যার ব্যাপ্তিসহ), কারণ, ক্ষতি, যা চেষ্টা করা হয়েছে, যা আসলে কাজ করবে, উপসংহার। ভূমিকার কেন্দ্রীয় ভাবনা — ঢাকায় দূরত্ব মাপা হয় ঘণ্টায়, কিলোমিটারে নয়। কারণ চারটি: (১) শহরের পরিকল্পনা অনুযায়ী যানবাহনের সংখ্যা বহুগুণ বেশি, (২) চালকদের আচরণ — লেন না মানা, যেখানে-সেখানে বাস থামানো, (৩) বিকল গাড়ি ও দীর্ঘমেয়াদি রাস্তা খোঁড়া, (৪) হকারদের দখলে ফুটপাত। ক্ষতির অংশে সংখ্যার বদলে মানুষ দেখানো হয়েছে — পরীক্ষার্থী, অ্যাম্বুলেন্সের রোগী, দিনমজুর। সমাধানে ফ্লাইওভার-মেট্রোর সীমাবদ্ধতা স্বীকার করে জোর দেওয়া হয়েছে ভালো বাস সার্ভিস, সবার জন্য সমান আইন প্রয়োগ, মুক্ত ফুটপাত ও অফিস-সময়ের ভিন্নতায়।
কীভাবে লিখবেন — structure
এই রচনায় পরীক্ষক দেখতে চান **কারণ ও প্রতিকার আলাদা করে সাজানো** হয়েছে কি না। তাই কারণগুলো গুনে লিখুন — 'The first reason… The second… The third…' — এতে পরীক্ষকের চোখে গঠনটা এক নজরেই ধরা পড়ে। ক্ষতির অংশে **সংখ্যা নয়, মানুষ দেখান**: পরীক্ষার্থী, অ্যাম্বুলেন্সের রোগী, দিনমজুর — এক লাইনের এই ছবিগুলোই 'millions of working hours are lost'-এর চেয়ে বেশি নম্বর আনে। প্রতিকারের অংশে সৎ থাকুন: ফ্লাইওভার ও মেট্রো হয়েছে, তবু সমস্যা যায়নি — এটা স্বীকার করে তারপর আসল সমাধানে যান। এতে রচনাটি মুখস্থ নয়, ভাবা হয়েছে বলে মনে হয়।
দরকারি শব্দ — key vocabulary
- carriagewayযান চলাচলের রাস্তা
- idling engineচালু অবস্থায় দাঁড়িয়ে থাকা ইঞ্জিন
- elevated expresswayউড়াল সড়ক
- stagger office hoursঅফিসের সময় ভাগ করে দেওয়া
- enforcementআইন প্রয়োগ
- pedestrianপথচারী
- one-way systemএকমুখী চলাচল ব্যবস্থা
যে ভুলে নম্বর কাটা যায়
Traffic jam is a great problem. It is very harmful for us. We should solve it.
A candidate reaches an examination hall after the paper has begun, and a patient in an ambulance hears the siren achieving nothing.
General complaint fills lines without earning marks, while one concrete consequence proves you understand what the problem actually does to people.
The government alone is responsible for the traffic jam.
The rules exist; what is missing is enforcement, and the habits of ordinary drivers are half the problem.
An examiner marks the quality of the argument, and blaming one party while ignoring driver behaviour makes the remedies section contradict itself.
If we build more flyovers, the problem will be solved.
Flyovers and the metro rail have each helped a little, but a new road that is not matched by enforced rules fills up soon after it opens.
The claim is easy to disprove from the city outside the exam hall, and a composition that ignores what has already been tried reads as though it were written years ago.
Writing about traffic jam in general without naming a city.
Anchoring the composition in Dhaka, with a journey and a time of day.
The topic is set because it is local, and a specific city gives you the details — hawkers on footpaths, digging for pipelines — that a general essay cannot reach.
সাধারণ প্রশ্ন
- How long should a composition on traffic jam be?
- About 350 to 400 words for SSC and HSC — it is a *short* composition, and going past 400 costs time the rest of the paper needs. Classes six to eight are expected to write roughly 150, which is what the short model above gives.
- Should I write about Dhaka or about traffic jams in general?
- Write about Dhaka. The examiner expects local detail, and general statements about traffic could have been written about any city in the world.
- How do I organise the causes and remedies?
- Number the causes explicitly and give each one a sentence or two, then answer them in the same order in the remedies section. The parallel structure is easy to read and easy to mark.